07_Writing_Templates

TOEFL Writing テンプレート集（英文）

Task 1: Integrated Writing テンプレート

Full Template（200-300 words）

=== INTRODUCTION ===

The reading and the lecture both discuss [topic]. While the
reading argues that [reading thesis in 1 sentence], the lecturer
challenges this view, contending that [opposing thesis in 1 sentence].

=== BODY 1 ===

First, the reading suggests that [reading point 1]. According to the
author, [supporting evidence/reasoning from reading].

However, the lecturer disputes this claim by stating that [counter
point 1]. The lecturer explains that [specific detail/example from
lecture]. This effectively challenges the reading's assertion because
[brief reasoning].

=== BODY 2 ===

Second, the reading claims that [reading point 2]. The author
supports this with [evidence].

The lecturer, on the other hand, argues that [counter point 2].
He/she elaborates that [specific detail from lecture]. This counter-
argument undermines the reading because [reasoning].

=== BODY 3 ===

Finally, the reading proposes that [reading point 3]. The author
explains that [evidence].

The lecturer takes issue with this point as well, asserting that
[counter point 3]. He/she demonstrates that [specific detail from
lecture]. This further weakens the reading's argument.

=== CONCLUSION (optional) ===

In summary, the lecturer effectively refutes all three points raised
in the reading by providing detailed [counter-arguments/evidence].

Word Count

Task 2: Academic Discussion テンプレート

Full Template（150-180 words）

=== Opening ===

[Position]:
While both [Student 1] and [Student 2] make compelling points,
I align more closely with [Student 1/2]'s perspective that
[restate position]. However, I would expand on this view by
arguing that [your nuanced position].

=== Supporting Argument ===

[Main Reason]:
The most compelling reason for my position is [main reason].
[Explanation of why this matters].

[Specific Example]:
For instance, [specific example with concrete details]. In this
case, [explanation of how the example supports your position].

=== Engaging with Other Views ===

[Acknowledge counter-view]:
[Student 1/2] argues that [their point], which has some merit
because [partial agreement]. However, this view overlooks
[important consideration].

=== Conclusion ===

In conclusion, while there are valid points on multiple sides,
I believe that [restate your strengthened position] because
[brief summary of your reasoning].

Word Count

アカデミック表現集

Introduction Phrases

主題提示

立場表明

Transition Phrases

追加

対比

因果

例示

強調

Concluding Phrases

よく使うアカデミック動詞

主張・意見

反論・批判

同意・支持

説明・例示

高頻出語彙（同義語の幅）

"Important" の言い換え

"Show" の言い換え

"Many" の言い換え

"Believe" の言い換え

"Good" の言い換え

"Bad" の言い換え

サンプル Essay (Task 1)

Question

Reading: A new policy proposes building more bike lanes in the city. The reading argues this will (1) reduce traffic congestion, (2) improve public health, and (3) reduce air pollution.

Lecture: The lecturer disagrees with each of these claims.

Sample Response (250 words)

The reading and the lecture both discuss the proposal to build more
bike lanes in the city. While the reading argues that this policy
will benefit the city, the lecturer challenges this view, contending
that the policy will not deliver the promised outcomes.

First, the reading suggests that bike lanes will reduce traffic
congestion. According to the author, more cyclists means fewer cars
on the road. However, the lecturer disputes this claim by stating
that most bike lane users are former pedestrians or transit riders,
not drivers. The lecturer explains that studies in similar cities
have shown that car traffic remains essentially unchanged after
bike lane construction.

Second, the reading claims that bike lanes will improve public
health by encouraging exercise. The author supports this with
correlation studies between cycling and fitness. The lecturer,
however, argues that only a small fraction of residents adopt cycling
as a regular habit. He elaborates that physical activity gains are
limited to those who switch from sedentary modes to cycling, which
research shows is uncommon.

Finally, the reading proposes that bike lanes will reduce air
pollution. The author explains that fewer cars equal cleaner air.
The lecturer takes issue with this as well, asserting that the
construction process itself produces significant emissions. He
demonstrates that, over a decade, the carbon footprint of bike
lane infrastructure can equal or exceed any savings from reduced
driving.

In summary, the lecturer effectively refutes all three points by
providing concrete evidence that contradicts the reading's claims.

Word Count: 250 words

サンプル Essay (Task 2)

Question Setup

Professor's question: "Should universities require all students to complete a community service requirement before graduation?"

Student 1: "Yes, community service builds character and connects students to society."

Student 2: "No, it's a burden that distracts from academics."

Sample Response (170 words)

While both students make valid points, I align with Student 1
that community service should be required, but I believe the
key is implementation rather than requirement itself.

The most compelling reason for my position is that community
service develops practical skills that classroom learning cannot
provide. For instance, when I volunteered to teach financial literacy
to elementary students during my time at Tokai Tokyo Securities, I
gained communication and adaptability skills that directly improved
my client interactions. This experience showed me how engagement
with different audiences shapes professional growth.

Student 2 argues that community service distracts from academics,
which has some merit when service requirements are excessive or
poorly structured. However, this view overlooks how brief, well-
designed service can complement, rather than compete with,
coursework.

In conclusion, while concerns about academic burden are legitimate,
universities can implement community service in ways that enhance
both personal development and academic engagement, making it a
valuable graduation requirement.

Word Count: 170 words

文法注意ポイント

1. 冠詞 (a / an / the)

2. 単数 / 複数

3. 時制の一貫性

4. 主語-述語の一致

5. 前置詞

添削プロンプト（ChatGPT / Claude 用）

推奨プロンプト

Please review my TOEFL Writing essay for the following criteria:

1. **Grammar and Mechanics**: Identify any errors with:
   - Verb tense
   - Subject-verb agreement
   - Articles and prepositions
   - Punctuation

2. **Word Choice**: Suggest:
   - More academic alternatives for repeated words
   - Better verb choices for clearer meaning
   - Connective words for smoother transitions

3. **Coherence and Structure**:
   - Is the introduction clear?
   - Do body paragraphs flow logically?
   - Is the conclusion effective?

4. **TOEFL Scoring**:
   - Estimate score on 0-30 scale
   - Identify strengths
   - Identify top 3 areas for improvement

5. **Specific Feedback**:
   - Quote the original sentence
   - Suggest improved version
   - Explain why the change improves the essay

[Paste your essay here]

練習スケジュール

毎日（20分）

週次（1時間）

月次（2時間）