背景知識 — Writing Task 1
評価4軸: TA(課題達成)/ CC(一貫性)/ LR(語彙)/ GRA(文法)
問題文
The line graph below shows the changes in per capita electricity consumption (in kWh) in Japan, Brazil, and India from 2000 to 2020.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
グラフ / データ
| 年 | Japan (kWh) | Brazil (kWh) | India (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 7,800 | 1,900 | 450 |
| 2005 | 7,950 | 2,100 | 550 |
| 2010 | 7,600 | 2,400 | 700 |
| 2015 | 7,200 | 2,550 | 900 |
| 2020 | 6,900 | 2,700 | 1,100 |
グラフ読み込み中...
単位: kWh(1人当たり年間電力消費量)
構成ガイド
| 段落 | 内容 | 語数目安 |
|---|---|---|
| Introduction | グラフの内容を言い換えて紹介(per capita を使う) | 1〜2文 |
| Overview(必須) | 日本が減少・ブラジル/インドが増加・依然として大きな格差 | 2〜3文 |
| Detail 1(日本・ブラジル) | 具体的な数値を使って推移を描写 | 4〜5文 |
| Detail 2(インド + 全体比較) | インドの急成長 + 3か国の差の縮小 | 4〜5文 |
有用表現
ヒント(段階的開示)
ヒント1
Overviewのポイント: 日本は減少傾向 / ブラジル・インドは増加傾向 / インドが最も急激な成長率を示す / 差は縮小したが依然大きい
ヒント2
Detail 1: 日本の2005年ピーク(7,950)から2020年(6,900)への下落を具体的に。ブラジルの緩やかな増加も対比。
モデル解答(Band 7.5〜8.0相当)
The line graph illustrates the changes in per capita electricity consumption (measured in kWh) in Japan, Brazil, and India over a twenty-year period from 2000 to 2020.
Overall, Japan maintained the highest level of electricity use throughout the period, though it followed a generally declining trend after 2005. By contrast, both Brazil and India recorded steady increases, with India showing the most significant proportional growth. Despite these trends, a considerable gap between Japan and the other two countries remained by 2020.
In 2000, Japan's per capita consumption stood at 7,800 kWh, which rose marginally to a peak of 7,950 kWh in 2005. However, it subsequently fell, reaching 7,600 kWh in 2010 and declining further to 6,900 kWh by 2020. Brazil, in contrast, saw a gradual but consistent rise from 1,900 kWh in 2000 to 2,700 kWh in 2020.
India began the period with the lowest figure of just 450 kWh but experienced the strongest relative growth, more than doubling to 1,100 kWh by 2020. While the gap between the three countries narrowed over the period, Japan's consumption remained roughly six times that of India in 2020.
解説
| 評価軸 | ポイント |
|---|---|
| TA | Introduction でグラフをパラフレーズ / Overview で日本の減少とインドの急成長を明示 |
| LR | stood at / marginally / subsequently / consistent rise / more than doubling / roughly |
| GRA | which rose marginally... の非制限関係代名詞 / while で対比 / 倍数表現 |
よくある日本人のミス
| ミス | 原因 | 正しい書き方 |
|---|---|---|
| グラフの進行形を使う | "is showing" | "shows"(状態動詞に進行形不可) |
| Overview を書かない | 重要性を知らない | 必ずOverallで始まるOverviewを書く |
| In 2000 year と書く | 日本語の影響で year をつける | "In 2000"(year は不要) |
自己評価
次回予告:Day 032 — Speaking(日常生活・趣味・テクノロジー)